An assembly of capsid proteins (CA) form the mature viral core enclosing the HIV-1 ribonucleoprotein complex.Discrepant findings have been reported regarding the cellular sites and the extent of core disassembly (uncoating) in infected cells.Here, we combined single-virus imaging and time-of-drug-addition assays to elucidate the kinetic relationshi
Land subsidence has become a serious issue in Cangzhou for a long time.In order to make reasonable use of groundwater resources, it is necessary to establish a warning groundwater level under the premise of controlling the development of land subsidence.How to quantitatively determine the critical gorundwater level (CWL) for comprehensive control o
Abstract Background In response to increases in methamphatemine-associated sexually transmitted diseases, the San Francisco Department of Public Health implemented a contingency management (CM) field program called the Positive Reinforcement Opportunity Project (PROP).Methods Methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco qu
Summary: Approximately 50% of the mass of the Envelope (Env) glycoprotein surface subunit (gp120) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is composed of N-linked carbohydrate.Until now, the dogma has been that HIV-1 lacks O-linked carbohydrate on Env.Here we show that a subset of patient-derived HIV-1 isolates contain O-linked carbohydrate o
Current methods for estimating the surface temperature of sea and lake ice—the ice surface temperature (IST)—utilize two satellite imager thermal bands (11 and 12 neflintw-r6mpw μm) at moderate spatial resolution.These “split-window„ or dual-band methods have been shown to have low biases and uncertainties.A single-band